Signs of dyslexia and other specific learning differences (SpLD) / neurological diversity

There are many types of learning disability of which dyslexia is only one.

Signs of dyslexia in children aged 5 to 12 include:

  • problems learning the names and sounds of letters
  • spelling that’s unpredictable and inconsistent
  • putting letters and figures the wrong way round (such as writing “6” instead of “9”, or “b” instead of “d”)
  • confusing the order of letters in words
  • reading slowly or making errors when reading aloud
  • visual disturbances when reading (for example, a child may describe letters and words as seeming to move around or appear blurred)
  • answering questions well orally, but having difficulty writing the answer down
  • difficulty carrying out a sequence of directions
  • struggling to learn sequences, such as days of the week or the alphabet
  • slow writing speed
  • poor handwriting
  • problems copying written language and taking longer than normal to complete written work
  • poor phonological awareness and word attack skills

Adults with dyslexia may experience some or all of the following:

  • A difference between standard of verbal and written work
  • Difficulties with understanding reading material and / or slow reading speed
  • Persistent spelling mistakes, even with easy or common words
  • Difficulty with structuring written work
  • Note-taking difficulties
    Planning and organisational difficulties
  • Handwriting difficulty, especially when writing under pressure
  • Directional confusion
  • Difficulties with basic number concepts
  • Difficulties finding and pronouncing certain words
  • Low concentration levels
  • Visual disturbance when reading e.g: blurry or moving text
  • Fatigue